SonicWALL TZ 180 Bedienungsanleitung PDF herunterladen (Seite 387)

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SonicOS Enhanced 4.0 Administrator Guide

GPRS has an additional advantage over GSM in that it is a packet-switched technology,

meaning that stations only send data when there is data to send (rather than reserving the

entire channel as occurs in GSM's circuit-switched networks) thus making more efficient

use of available bandwidth. The process of connecting to a GPRS network generally

involves attachment to the network, followed by the construction and activation of a PDP

context, as performed by a series of AT commands. This process is largely automated by

SonicOS through the use of profiles, but also allows for manual PDP context construction.

• GSM - Global System for Mobile Communication - TDMA based protocol that uses

digital channels for both signaling and speech, making it a well suited platform for data

communications, although at very low data rates. GSM competes as a protocol with

Qualcomm's CDMA, but remains the most popular worldwide protocol. GSM

implementations are often regarded as less susceptible to signal degradation indoors.

Although GSM is used both in the Americas and the rest of the world, the American

implementation operates on a different frequency, and interoperability is not guaranteed

unless explicitly supported by the equipment.

• HSDPA - High Speed Downlink Packet Access - An evolution of UMTS (and thus of

GSM) based on W-CDMA technology. HSDPA can achieve very high data rates, with

subsequent phases targeting rates of up to 50 Mbps, but it is not currently very widely

adopted despite announcements of future support from many operators.

• IMEI - International Mobile Equipment Identity - A unique 15 digit number assigned to

every GSM/UMTS device for the purposes of identifying the device (not the subscriber) on

the network. The subscriber on these networks is identified by the IMSI number, which is

stored on the SIM card.

• IMSI - International Mobile Subscriber Identity - A unique 15 (or 14) digit number that

identifies subscribers on GSM/UMTS networks. The IMSI is stored on the subscriber's SIM,

and comprises a country code (as defined by ITU E.212), a network code (the network

operator), and a unique subscriber number.

• PDP Context - Packet Data Protocol Context - A data structure representing the logical

association of a station on a GPRS network. The data structure comprises a CID (context

identifier), a PDP_Type (the protocol being used, e.g. IP), an APN (Access Point Name),

and optional a PDP_Addr (PDP Address) to identify the usable address space for the

connection. After a PDP Context is constructed, it must be activated.

• SIM - Subscriber Identity Module - USIM (Universal SIM) in UMTS. A SIM, also known as

a Smart Card, stores unique subscriber information, including subscription and service

parameters as well as preferences and settings. SIMs are used by all GSM devices, and

allow for a subscriber's identity to move from one GSM device to another. Many operators

lock their devices to prevent the use of other operator's SIM cards, but operators will

sometimes unlock their devices if certain conditions are met.

• TDMA - Time Division Multiple Access - TDMA is used by most currently available GSM

networks. It allows multiple concurrent access to a frequency by dividing it into time-slots,

where each station takes turns transmitting. Since TDMA based technologies switch their

transmitters on and off rapidly (native TDMA switches at 50 Hz, GSM switches at 217 Hz),

radio frequency (RF) pollution is created. When the power output is high enough (such as

right before a call is received), these RF signals (particularly GSM's 217 Hz signal, which

is in the audible spectrum, even on really cheap computer speakers) can be picked up by

nearby amplification circuitry, producing a buzzing sound. So don't put your GSM equipped

TZ 190 on top of a stereo, and don't balance it on your head if you wear hearing aids.

• UMTS - Universal Mobile Telecommunication System - Employing W-CDMA

technology, UMTS is considered the evolution of GSM, and is sometimes referred to a

3GSM. UMTS is in fairly wide deployment worldwide, with the exception of the Americas,

where EDGE is favored, and where UMTS will likely be leapfrogged as GSM's successor

by HSDPA.

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